Server manchmal langsam - Wo ansetzen bei Fehlersuche?

Unifex

New Member
Ich habe hier einen Server mit Nginx, php und mysql.

Obwohl der Server nie unter wirklicher Last steht, hat er manchmal seine "10 Minuten" und dann ist der schnarchend langsam.

Jeder Dienst auf dem Server ist dann langsam. Will ich was runterladen kommt man mit Glück vielleicht auf 5 kb. Will ich mit Putty drauf, dauert dass ewig.

Schaue ich dann, wenn er wieder schneller ist in Munin, so ist das einzige, was mir auffällt, das er eine leicht erhöhte Anzeige bei den MySQL Threads hat (11).

In das Error Log des Mysql wurde aber schon ewig (seit November) nichts mehr geschrieben.

Im Syslog sind auch keine Auffälligkeiten zu finden.
php5-fpm.log enthält auch keine Fehler.

CPUs dümpeln eh die ganze Zeit.

Ich bin langsam etwas ratlos, wie ich den Fehler finden soll.

Hat jemand einen Tipp für mich?
 
Wieviele Mysql-Prozesse dürfen denn maximal offen sein? Überschreitet er hier vielleicht ein Limit?

Gibts auffällige Log-Einträge

Was sagt ein tcp-dump zu der Zeit oder ein iftop?
 
Wieviele Mysql-Prozesse dürfen denn maximal offen sein? Überschreitet er hier vielleicht ein Limit?

Gibts auffällige Log-Einträge

Was sagt ein tcp-dump zu der Zeit oder ein iftop?

In den Logs finde ich nix auffälliges.

Im Syslog sieht man nur wie Munin seine Cron Jobs ausführt alle paar Minuten und ansonsten steht alle halbe Stunde nur das hier drin:

Code:
/USR/SBIN/CRON[6302]: (root) CMD (  [ -x /usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime ] && [ -x /usr/lib/php5/sessionclean ] && [ -d /var/lib/php5 ] && /usr/lib/php5/sessionclean /var/lib/php5 $(/usr/lib/php5/maxlifetime))

Meine my.cnf sieht so aus:

Code:
[client]
port                            = 3306
socket                          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

[mysqld]
#performance_schema              = on
user		                        = mysql
port = 3306
socket                          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
bind-address                    = 127.0.0.1
basedir		                      = /opt/mysql/server-5.6
datadir                         = /opt/mysql/server-5.6/data
tmpdir		                      = /opt/mysql/tmp
slave-load-tmpdir               = /opt/mysql/tmp
secure-file-priv                = /opt/mysql/tmp
log-bin                         = /opt/mysql/loginfo/mysql-bin
relay-log                       = /opt/mysql/loginfo/relay.log
relay-log-index                 = /opt/mysql/loginfo/relay.index
relay-log-info-file             = /opt/mysql/loginfo/relay.info
master-info-file                = /opt/mysql/loginfo/master.info
#master-host                     = <hostname>
#master-user                     = <username>
#master-password                 = <password>
#master-port                     = 3306
#auto_increment_increment        = 10
#auto_increment_offset           = 1
default-storage-engine          = InnoDB
server-id                       = 1
back_log                        = 500
sync_binlog                     = 1
binlog_cache_size               = 4M
binlog_stmt_cache_size          = 4M
max_binlog_size                 = 500M
binlog-format                   = MIXED
expire_logs_days                = 30
slow-query-log                  = 1
slow-query-log-file             = /opt/mysql/loginfo/slow-query.log
slave_compressed_protocol       = 1
safe-user-create                = 1
delay-key-write                 = ALL
myisam-recover                  = FORCE,BACKUP
key_buffer_size                 = 2048M
max_allowed_packet              = 64M
max_heap_table_size             = 256M
tmp_table_size                  = 256M
thread_stack = 192K
table_open_cache                = 16384
table_definition_cache          = 8192
query_cache_type                = 1
query_cache_size                = 512M
query_cache_limit               = 8M
query_cache_min_res_unit        = 2K
thread_cache_size               = 150
max_connections                 = 200
ft_max_word_len                 = 20
ft_min_word_len                 = 3
long_query_time                 = 1
local-infile                    = 0
log-warnings                    = 2
log-slave-updates
#log-queries-not-using-indexes
skip-external-locking
skip-symbolic-links
innodb_thread_concurrency       = 8
innodb_buffer_pool_size         = 4G
innodb_buffer_pool_instances    = 4
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M
innodb_use_sys_malloc           = ON
innodb_data_home_dir            = /opt/mysql/server-5.6/data
innodb_log_group_home_dir       = /opt/mysql/server-5.6/data
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10G:autoextend
innodb_flush_method             = O_DIRECT
innodb_log_file_size            = 256M
innodb_log_buffer_size          = 16M
innodb_log_files_in_group       = 2
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit  = 2
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct      = 90
innodb_file_per_table           = 1
innodb_purge_threads            = 1
innodb_strict_mode              = 1
innodb_old_blocks_time          = 1000
innodb_stats_on_metadata        = 0
innodb_write_io_threads         = 8
innodb_read_io_threads          = 8
innodb_io_capacity              = 200
innodb_open_files               = 8192

join_buffer_size                = 10M
read_rnd_buffer_size            = 6M
sort_buffer_size                = 256k
table_open_cache_instances      = 8
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = TRUE


[mysqldump]
max_allowed_packet              = 64M
quote_names
quick

[isamchk]
key_buffer_size                 = 256M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size                 = 256M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive_timeout


Was braucht ihr noch oder ist schon was zu sehen?
 
Im Moment gehen wir ja davon aus, dass der Mysql-Daemon ist. Du kannst mal das hier durchlaufen lassen:

Sollte es wirklich die Datenbank sein, wird dir das Skript die nötigen Schalter nenne, die es zu verstellen gibt.

Was aber auch noch sein kann, dass deine Anbindung Probleme macht. Un das wirst du nur mit Netzwerkmonitoring rausfinden können.
 
Ich denke eigentlich nicht, dass es die Datenbank ist. Alles auf dem Server ist ja langsamer oder kaum zu bedienen.

Nur merkwürdig, das nirgends ein Fehler gelockt wird.
Pings werden beim Stillstand mit 30 ms beantwortet.

Die Leitung scheint also auch zu funktionieren.

Irgend ein Gefühl sagt mir, dass das Problem bei Nginx mit php5-fpm zu suchen wäre.
 
Passiert das mit festen intervallen oder eher zufällig. Bei festen würde ich mal schauen was da gestartet wird in dem Moment. Und noch eine Vermutung, könnte es vllt ein Plattenschaden sein?
 
Passiert das mit festen intervallen oder eher zufällig. Bei festen würde ich mal schauen was da gestartet wird in dem Moment. Und noch eine Vermutung, könnte es vllt ein Plattenschaden sein?


Es passiert zufällig. Alle paar Tage mal. Die Platten habe ich auch geprüft und sind okay. Ohnehin ist die Auslastung der SSD´s meistens unter 1%.


Der Nginx hatte zu der Zeit einen Höchststand erreicht von 2,2 Request die Sekunde.
Die Nginx Connections waren aber niedrig zu dem Zeitpunkt.

Hier mal mein www.conf File aus /etc/php5/fpm/pool.d/

Code:
; Start a new pool named 'www'.
; the variable $pool can we used in any directive and will be replaced by the
; pool name ('www' here)
[www]

; Per pool prefix
; It only applies on the following directives:
; - 'slowlog'
; - 'listen' (unixsocket)
; - 'chroot'
; - 'chdir'
; - 'php_values'
; - 'php_admin_values'
; When not set, the global prefix (or /usr) applies instead.
; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix.
; Default Value: none
;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool

; Unix user/group of processes
; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user's group
;       will be used.
user = www-data
group = www-data

; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests.
; Valid syntaxes are:
;   'ip.add.re.ss:port'    - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific address on
;                            a specific port;
;   'port'                 - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses on a
;                            specific port;
;   '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
listen = /var/run/php5-fpm.sock

; Set listen(2) backlog.
; Default Value: 128 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD)
;listen.backlog = 128

; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write
; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many
; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. 
; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user
;                 mode is set to 0666
;listen.owner = www-data
;listen.group = www-data
;listen.mode = 0666
 
; List of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect.
; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original
; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address
; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be
; accepted from any ip address.
; Default Value: any
;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1

; Specify the nice(2) priority to apply to the pool processes (only if set)
; The value can vary from -19 (highest priority) to 20 (lower priority)
; Note: - It will only work if the FPM master process is launched as root
;       - The pool processes will inherit the master process priority
;         unless it specified otherwise
; Default Value: no set
; priority = -19

; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes.
; Possible Values:
;   static  - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes;
;   dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the
;             following directives. With this process management, there will be
;             always at least 1 children.
;             pm.max_children      - the maximum number of children that can
;                                    be alive at the same time.
;             pm.start_servers     - the number of children created on startup.
;             pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in 'idle'
;                                    state (waiting to process). If the number
;                                    of 'idle' processes is less than this
;                                    number then some children will be created.
;             pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in 'idle'
;                                    state (waiting to process). If the number
;                                    of 'idle' processes is greater than this
;                                    number then some children will be killed.
;  ondemand - no children are created at startup. Children will be forked when
;             new requests will connect. The following parameter are used:
;             pm.max_children           - the maximum number of children that
;                                         can be alive at the same time.
;             pm.process_idle_timeout   - The number of seconds after which
;                                         an idle process will be killed.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm = dynamic

; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to 'static' and the
; maximum number of child processes when pm is set to 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'.
; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be
; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork.
; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP
; CGI. The below defaults are based on a server without much resources. Don't
; forget to tweak pm.* to fit your needs.
; Note: Used when pm is set to 'static', 'dynamic' or 'ondemand'
; Note: This value is mandatory.
pm.max_children = 50

; The number of child processes created on startup.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2
pm.start_servers = 4

; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.min_spare_servers = 4

; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.max_spare_servers = 8

; The number of seconds after which an idle process will be killed.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'ondemand'
; Default Value: 10s
;pm.process_idle_timeout = 10s;
 
; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning.
; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For
; endless request processing specify '0'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS.
; Default Value: 0
pm.max_requests = 500

; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be
; recognized as a status page. It shows the following informations:
;   pool                 - the name of the pool;
;   process manager      - static, dynamic or ondemand;
;   start time           - the date and time FPM has started;
;   start since          - number of seconds since FPM has started;
;   accepted conn        - the number of request accepted by the pool;
;   listen queue         - the number of request in the queue of pending
;                          connections (see backlog in listen(2));
;   max listen queue     - the maximum number of requests in the queue
;                          of pending connections since FPM has started;
;   listen queue len     - the size of the socket queue of pending connections;
;   idle processes       - the number of idle processes;
;   active processes     - the number of active processes;
;   total processes      - the number of idle + active processes;
;   max active processes - the maximum number of active processes since FPM
;                          has started;
;   max children reached - number of times, the process limit has been reached,
;                          when pm tries to start more children (works only for
;                          pm 'dynamic' and 'ondemand');
; Value are updated in real time.
; Example output:
;   pool:                 www
;   process manager:      static
;   start time:           01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
;   start since:          62636
;   accepted conn:        190460
;   listen queue:         0
;   max listen queue:     1
;   listen queue len:     42
;   idle processes:       4
;   active processes:     11
;   total processes:      15
;   max active processes: 12
;   max children reached: 0
;
; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either
; 'html', 'xml' or 'json' in the query string will return the corresponding
; output syntax. Example:
;   http://www.foo.bar/status
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?json
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?html
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?xml
;
; By default the status page only outputs short status. Passing 'full' in the
; query string will also return status for each pool process.
; Example: 
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?full
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?json&full
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?html&full
;   http://www.foo.bar/status?xml&full
; The Full status returns for each process:
;   pid                  - the PID of the process;
;   state                - the state of the process (Idle, Running, ...);
;   start time           - the date and time the process has started;
;   start since          - the number of seconds since the process has started;
;   requests             - the number of requests the process has served;
;   request duration     - the duration in µs of the requests;
;   request method       - the request method (GET, POST, ...);
;   request URI          - the request URI with the query string;
;   content length       - the content length of the request (only with POST);
;   user                 - the user (PHP_AUTH_USER) (or '-' if not set);
;   script               - the main script called (or '-' if not set);
;   last request cpu     - the %cpu the last request consumed
;                          it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
;                          because CPU calculation is done when the request
;                          processing has terminated;
;   last request memory  - the max amount of memory the last request consumed
;                          it's always 0 if the process is not in Idle state
;                          because memory calculation is done when the request
;                          processing has terminated;
; If the process is in Idle state, then informations are related to the
; last request the process has served. Otherwise informations are related to
; the current request being served.
; Example output:
;   ************************
;   pid:                  31330
;   state:                Running
;   start time:           01/Jul/2011:17:53:49 +0200
;   start since:          63087
;   requests:             12808
;   request duration:     1250261
;   request method:       GET
;   request URI:          /test_mem.php?N=10000
;   content length:       0
;   user:                 -
;   script:               /home/fat/web/docs/php/test_mem.php
;   last request cpu:     0.00
;   last request memory:  0
;
; Note: There is a real-time FPM status monitoring sample web page available
;       It's available in: ${prefix}/share/fpm/status.html
;
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
;       anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
;       may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set 
pm.status_path = /status
 
; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no
; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside
; that FPM is alive and responding, or to
; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such);
; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing);
; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7).
; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be
;       anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it
;       may conflict with a real PHP file.
; Default Value: not set
;ping.path = /ping

; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The
; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code.
; Default Value: pong
;ping.response = pong

; The access log file
; Default: not set
;access.log = log/$pool.access.log

; The access log format.
; The following syntax is allowed
;  %%: the '%' character
;  %C: %CPU used by the request
;      it can accept the following format:
;      - %{user}C for user CPU only
;      - %{system}C for system CPU only
;      - %{total}C  for user + system CPU (default)
;  %d: time taken to serve the request
;      it can accept the following format:
;      - %{seconds}d (default)
;      - %{miliseconds}d
;      - %{mili}d
;      - %{microseconds}d
;      - %{micro}d
;  %e: an environment variable (same as $_ENV or $_SERVER)
;      it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the env
;      variable. Some exemples:
;      - server specifics like: %{REQUEST_METHOD}e or %{SERVER_PROTOCOL}e
;      - HTTP headers like: %{HTTP_HOST}e or %{HTTP_USER_AGENT}e
;  %f: script filename
;  %l: content-length of the request (for POST request only)
;  %m: request method
;  %M: peak of memory allocated by PHP
;      it can accept the following format:
;      - %{bytes}M (default)
;      - %{kilobytes}M
;      - %{kilo}M
;      - %{megabytes}M
;      - %{mega}M
;  %n: pool name
;  %o: output header
;      it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the header:
;      - %{Content-Type}o
;      - %{X-Powered-By}o
;      - %{Transfert-Encoding}o
;      - ....
;  %p: PID of the child that serviced the request
;  %P: PID of the parent of the child that serviced the request
;  %q: the query string 
;  %Q: the '?' character if query string exists
;  %r: the request URI (without the query string, see %q and %Q)
;  %R: remote IP address
;  %s: status (response code)
;  %t: server time the request was received
;      it can accept a strftime(3) format:
;      %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
;  %T: time the log has been written (the request has finished)
;      it can accept a strftime(3) format:
;      %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default)
;  %u: remote user
;
; Default: "%R - %u %t \"%m %r\" %s"
;access.format = "%R - %u %t \"%m %r%Q%q\" %s %f %{mili}d %{kilo}M %C%%"
 
; The log file for slow requests
; Default Value: not set
; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set
;slowlog = log/$pool.log.slow
 
; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be
; dumped to the 'slowlog' file. A value of '0s' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_slowlog_timeout = 0
 
; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will
; be killed. This option should be used when the 'max_execution_time' ini option
; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of '0' means 'off'.
; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays)
; Default Value: 0
;request_terminate_timeout = 0
 
; Set open file descriptor rlimit.
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_files = 1024
 
; Set max core size rlimit.
; Possible Values: 'unlimited' or an integer greater or equal to 0
; Default Value: system defined value
;rlimit_core = 0
 
; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an
; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used.
; Note: you can prefix with '$prefix' to chroot to the pool prefix or one
; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix
; will be used instead.
; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever 
;       possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot
;       (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...).
; Default Value: not set
;chroot = 
 
; Chdir to this directory at the start.
; Note: relative path can be used.
; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot
chdir = /
 
; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and
; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs.
; Note: on highloaded environement, this can cause some delay in the page
; process time (several ms).
; Default Value: no
;catch_workers_output = yes

; Limits the extensions of the main script FPM will allow to parse. This can
; prevent configuration mistakes on the web server side. You should only limit
; FPM to .php extensions to prevent malicious users to use other extensions to
; exectute php code.
; Note: set an empty value to allow all extensions.
; Default Value: .php
;security.limit_extensions = .php .php3 .php4 .php5
 
; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from
; the current environment.
; Default Value: clean env
;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME
;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin
;env[TMP] = /tmp
;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp
;env[TEMP] = /tmp

; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings
; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the
; same as the PHP SAPI:
;   php_value/php_flag             - you can set classic ini defines which can
;                                    be overwritten from PHP call 'ini_set'. 
;   php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won't be overwritten by
;                                     PHP call 'ini_set'
; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no.

; Defining 'extension' will load the corresponding shared extension from
; extension_dir. Defining 'disable_functions' or 'disable_classes' will not
; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value
; instead.

; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix
; (pool, global or /usr)

; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and
;                specified at startup with the -d argument
;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f [email protected]
;php_flag[display_errors] = off
;php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log
;php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on
;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M
 
Wird nur der Webdienst langsam, oder auch andere Verbindungen?

Alle Verbindungen.
Ich hatte beim Test des Servers ein ähnliches Verhalten mal gehabt.
Da waren dann die pm.max_children zu klein und es gab eine Fehlermeldung im Log, deswegen tippe ich da irgendwie in die Richtung.

Nur es gibt eben nun keine Fehlermeldung.
 
Warum sind in der my.cnf (MySQL) den alle Logs (log-bin, relay-log etc.) aktiviert? :confused:

Ja, die Logs sind noch aktiviert von der ganzen Testphase.

Ich kann mir zwar nicht vorstellen, dass die ein Problem darstellen bei der geringen Traffic aber richtig brauchen tue ich sie glaube ich nicht.
 
Also wenn auch mail, SSH etc langsam wird, würde ich eher auf ein Verbindungsproblem schließen, sofern die Load wirklich nicht hoch geht.

Kannst du nachvollziehen ob du Paketloss hast?
 
Kannst du nachvollziehen ob du Paketloss hast?


Also Pings wurden mit schnellen 30ms während der ganzen Zeit beantwortet.
Da ist genauso schnell wie ohne auftretendes Problem.

Aber in der Tat. Es fühlt sich so an, als wenn die Load auf 50 wäre oder der meine gesamte 200 Mbit Leitung verbrät.

Munin und htop sagt aber was anderes. Das macht es ja so merkwürdig.
 
Wie sind denn die Platten eingebunden ?
Sind sie physisch im System drin oder von "extern eingebunden" ?
(nicht das die Anbindung an die extern eingebunden HDD's ab und zu hakt)

Starte mal "atop 1" und beobachte ob es "rote" Ausgaben gibt.
 
Also es gab in der Tat einen Ausschlag bei den Disks. Ich habe den Zeitpunkt mal markiert auf dem Anhang.

Man sieht die Latence hochgehen allerdings ohne irgendeinen IO zu produzieren.

Der zweite Peak zeigt übrigens das nächtliche Backup, was natürlich auch einen IO Anstieg zur folge hatte.
 

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